What are the rotor and stator of a generator, respectively?

Stator
The fixed, immovable part, installed inside the machine housing, composed of a core and winding coils. Function: cut by the magnetic field, ultimately outputting electrical energy.

Rotor
The rotating part, composed of a shaft, magnetic poles, and windings, driven to rotate by the engine. Function: generate a magnetic field, creating the conditions for cutting magnetic flux lines.
Simple analogy - Rotor = rotating magnet (rotates to generate a magnetic field) - Stator = copper wire surrounding the magnet (cuts the magnetic field to generate electricity)

Additional information (mainstream synchronous machine of diesel generator sets)
1. Rotor carries DC → forms fixed magnetic poles, rotating to create a rotating magnetic field
2. Magnetic field sweeps over stator coils → stator induces AC to output externally